Amendments to the electoral law in 2011 required for Spaniards abroad to apply for voting before being permitted to vote, a system known as 'begged' or expat vote ( Spanish: Voto rogado).

The only exception was in 1977, when this was limited to nationals over twenty-one and in full enjoyment of their political and civil rights. Voting is on the basis of universal suffrage, which comprises all nationals over eighteen and in full enjoyment of their political rights. Additionally, the Constitution requires for any modification of the provincial limits to be approved under an organic law, needing an absolute majority in the Cortes Generales. The Act provided for the provinces of Spain to be established as multi-member districts in the Congress of Deputies, with this regulation being maintained under the Spanish Constitution of 1978.

The constituency was created as per the Political Reform Act 1977 and was first contested in the 1977 general election. The electoral system uses the D'Hondt method and a closed-list proportional representation, with a minimum threshold of three percent. Its boundaries correspond to those of the Spanish province of Lleida. The constituency currently elects four deputies. Lleida ( Spanish: Lérida) is one of the 52 constituencies (Spanish: circunscripciones) represented in the Congress of Deputies, the lower chamber of the Spanish parliament, the Cortes Generales.

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